hookahhead

I'm sure you've all seen this equation before... 6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2 As you can see, it takes 6 CO2 AND 6 H2O molecules to yield a single sugar molecule. Therefore, a plant must uptake significant amounts of each for vigorous/optimal growth. Now this is kind of interesting... I have uploaded the article to dropbox Despite being nearly 30 years old, it still has some useful insights! Pereskiopsis do not behave like "normal" cacti (CAM). You may want to leave you light on a little longer. Keep your leaves at all cost. They immediately respond to light. They like to be "well-watered" Here's one a little more recent . They even had several species of pereskiopsis in the study! Photosynthetic Pathway Variation in Leafy Members of Two Subfamilies of the Cactaceae.pdf This is section from the results discusses pereskiopsis specifically... "Patterns of net CO2 exchange for whole shoots (including leaves) and leafless stems of the four species of Pereskiopsis were similar, and thus, diel patterns of gas exchange for only Pereskiopsis diguetii are presented here (fig. 6). Maximal rates of net CO2 uptake of the leaves greatly exceeded those of the stems. Rates of daytime CO2 uptake in leafy shoots were higher than those measured at night (fig. 6), except similar amounts of CO2 uptake were observed day and night in Pereskiopsis porteri (table 5). In all species of Pereskiopsis, daytime rates declined precipitously at midday and then increased in the late afternoon. This midday decline was attributable primarily to a decrease in photosynthetic capacity in Pereskiopsis gatesii, reflected in an increase in tissue internal CO2 concentration, whereas in all other species of Pereskiopsis the midday decline in CO2 uptake was a function of limitations in photosynthetic capacity as well as decreases in stomatal conductance (data not shown). For stems of these species, maximal rates of net CO2 uptake were similar day and night or were higher during the day and were typically restricted to the latter half of either time period (fig. 6; table 5). Very low rates of net CO2 uptake were observed only at the start of the nighttime in P. porteri (table 5). The instantaneous WUE of the leafy shoots was much greater at night than during the day in P. diguetii and P. porteri; however, similar values were measured in Pereskiopsis aquosa and P. gatesii (table 5). Overnight increases in tissue acid concentrations were substantial in both leaves and stems of the four species of Pereskiopsis (table 6). The majority of the nocturnal increase in acid in both leaves and stems was not attributable to uptake of CO2 from the atmosphere but reflected internal recycling of CO2 instead (table 6). Degrees of this internal recycling ranged from 50% for the stems of P. aquosa to 100% for leaves of P. gatesii (table 6)." Part of the discussion... "All plants here were well watered. Presumably, daytime CO2 uptake is suppressed under drought stress (Nobel and Hartsock 1987). Thus, these plants benefit from relatively high CO2 uptake rates during the day at a considerable cost of water as a result of low WUE but then presumably continue to absorb CO2 at night, albeit at low rates, during dry periods. Relative amounts of water loss during nocturnal CO2 uptake were substantially lower than daytime values in most comparisons for these taxa. This combination of C3 and CAM should prove advantageous in the tropical and subtropical habitats of these species of Opuntioideae (Gibson and Nobel 1986; Barthlott and Hunt 1993)." Which leads to this... Drought-induced shifts In daily CO2 uptake patterns for leafy cacti.pdf What about the dragon fruit? They like water too! CO2 uptake by the cultivated hemiepiphytic cactus, Hylocereus undatus.pdf "When H. undatus that has been droughted for 10 days is rewatered, a significant increase in net CO2 uptake occurs in 1 day, the CO2 uptake ability is half restored in only 2 days, and full recovery occurs in 7 days (P S Nobel and E De la Barrera, unpublished observations). Thus this cactus can respond rapidly to rainfall events, which may be crucial for its growth in tropical regions with frequent rainfalls (Freiberg, 1997; L ̧ttge, 1997) as well as of importance in developing irrigation schedules when it is cultivated as a crop (Mizrahi & Nerd, 1999; Nerd et al., 2002). Similarly, the hydraulic conductivity of the roots (a direct measure of plant water uptake ability) of two epiphytic cacti, Epiphyllum phyllanthus and Rhipsalis baccifera, decreases during drought but increases to the values under wet conditions only 3 days after rewatering (North & Nobel, 1994)." Stem water relations and net CO2 uptake for a hemiepiphytic cactus during short-term drought.pdf Got to keep them well fertilized too... Nitrogen relations for net CO2 uptake by the cultivated hemiepiphytic cactus, Hylocereus undatus.pdf Additionally, here is some evidence that this behavior is widespread and common among several species. https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/57030275/Environmental%20regulation%20of%20carbon%20isotope%20composition%20and%20crassulacean%20acid%20metabolism%20in%20three%20plant%20communities%20along%20a%20water%20availability%20gradient.pdf  Watering converts a CAM plant to daytime CO2 uptake.pdf I'd love to hear your comments, concerns, and even criticisms of this research?

Recently it has come to my attention that pereskiopsis seem to be the exception to the rule of limited water. The published research appears to confirm there is a significant difference in plant physiology between wet or dry conditions (See Post #11 of this thread). Over the past 2 months I have kept these two containers very wet. Neither of the large rectangular containers have drain holes in the bottom, and at times I have had water just sitting in there. The plants seem to love it. I have one other setup like this that I forgot to take pictures of, but will tomorrow. Those plants are doing just fine as well. However I know that this can lead to salt accumulation and anaerobic conditions so I redesigned a little. The white lid hopefully will reflect some of the light back onto the plants. The new tub has drain holes, and is elevated to allow better air flow between cells. The cups are plastic yogurt containers. The white powdery stuff is DE.

I'd love to have some, and would be more than happy to share a pack with some others. #4

So at no point is the plant without roots. The hope is that this plant will already have rooted into the burlap before degrafting. You can still cut below the the union, and place into a pot. The roots will be able to grow out of the burlap, which will eventually decay. I had intended on doing the same thing to this guy.

I've had it happen on nearly all my grafts, so it's not isolated to these seeds. I believe it has to do with light/orientation. Though they do seem to do it earlier/more often than some of my other plants. They also are significantly more prone to pupping than my other crosses, which certainly helps in propagating them. The tall one are zelly's crosses I had planned to try this idea on more of my grafts, but never got around to it. So this is the only one I have. I'll try to get an updated picture and determine if it actually worked. Air Layering is common way to propagate plants. http://www.instructables.com/id/Propagating-Plants-by-Air-Layering/ Cacti ARE Plants! Love All Ways

Hi BCdude Welcome to the wonderful Corroboree Community! However, your post is better suited for the Classifieds or Seed & Plant Exchange. You may also want to consider listing the locality if you know the where they originated.

Can't help much with the ID, but just wanted to say you got some lovely plants there. The spines on some of them are beautiful!

A sonnet is a fourteen line poem. A sonnet has a strict rhyme structure. Each line contains ten syllables. William Shakespeare wrote 154 sonnets. Sonnet #14 Not from the stars do I my judgement pluck; And yet methinks I have Astronomy, But not to tell of good or evil luck, Of plagues, of dearths, or seasons' quality; Nor can I fortune to brief minutes tell, Pointing to each his thunder, rain and wind, Or say with princes if it shall go well By oft predict that I in heaven find: But from thine eyes my knowledge I derive, And, constant stars, in them I read such art As truth and beauty shall together thrive, If from thyself, to store thou wouldst convert; Or else of thee this I prognosticate: Thy end is truth's and beauty's doom and date. http://www.shakespeares-sonnets.com/sonnet/14 bonnet (noun) a woman's or child's hat tied under the chin, typically with a brim framing the face. • (also war bonnet)the ceremonial feathered headdress of an American Indian. Hookahhead's Bonnet #14 Possible 1st fruit? Hard to tell looking at the plant, or the picture.. just left of center. Its hard to believe 220 days have come and gone already. They grow up so fast!

WOW! Got some info on what that is? looks like some kind of sea creature... or it could possibly be another alien penis?

I think one of the most interesting aspects of this research, is that several studies have been focused on the "Fumigant Toxicity" of these oils. It's quite surprising that many are shown to be effective in a little as a few parts per million (ppm). For simplicity 1 ppm = 1mg/l = 1ug /ml = 1000ug/L , or use a ppm conversion So how is this significant to us? Well, I believe it to be very beneficial for those of us that grow indoors or confined spaces such as a smaller greenhouse. Essentially, what the research suggests is that several of these oils are effective against pests simply by being "in the air". This means that direct application to the plant/growing medium is unnecessary, and likely a lower risk of harmful effects. Another advantage, because gaseous molecules permeate through the grow space, there is little worry of having few lone survivors hiding in those hard to reach areas. Fortunately, essential oils tend to be very volatile, and it shouldn't be hard to reach adequate concentrations with something as simple as a home-made reed diffuser. A liquid becomes more volatile when the temperature is increased, so placing them near your lights will cause them to "evaporate" more. The effects of evaporating essential oils on indoor air quality.pdf However, I haven't come across this approach to pest control suggested elsewhere before? Therefore, I would encourage all of you to participate in discussing the potential of this novel idea further!

Some info from the EPA on Biopesticides (http://www.epa.gov/oppbppd1/biopesticides/regtools/25b_list.htm) Minimum Risk Pesticides Minimum risk pesticides are a special class of pesticides that are not subject to federal registration requirements because their ingredients, both active and inert, aredemonstrably safe for the intended use. These Web pages provide detailed information for pesticide companies who want to register minimum risk pesticide products. Active Ingredients Exempted Under 25 of the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, & Rodenticide Act * indicates exempt active ingredients that are also exempt from pesticide residue tolerance requirements Castor oil (U.S.P. or equivalent)* Linseed oil Cedar oil Malic acid Cinnamon and cinnamon oil* Mint and mint oil Citric acid* Peppermint and peppermint oil* Citronella and Citronella oil 2-Phenethyl propionate (2-phenylethyl propionate) Cloves and clove oil* Potassium sorbate* Corn gluten meal* Putrescent whole egg solids Corn oil* Rosemary and rosemary oil* Cottonseed oil* Sesame (includes ground sesame plant) and sesame oil* Dried Blood Sodium chloride (common salt) * Eugenol Sodium lauryl sulfate Garlic and garlic oil* Soybean oil Geraniol* Thyme and thyme oil* Geranium oil White pepper Lauryl sulfate Zinc metal strips (consisting solely of zinc metal and impurities) Lemongrass oil

Update: Added Fungus Gnats to list of pests (check out the DIY yellow sticky trap video). Added three Nematodes to the list for "Other Pests" Alphabetized the list of pests. I have started a similar topic regarding the use of plant compounds as an effective pest management strategy, Organic Garden Pests-Aside!

I'm surprised we don't see more crop circles in public restrooms...

Figures, I would have bad luck with #13. This one opened last night, but I thought that it was #12 still. Then I realized today that wash' the case. Sadly, It doesn't seem like she is going to open back up tonight . I crossed it both ways with my P. Haselbergii just for fun since they were both open. Not expecting it to take, but you never know unless you try.... #14 is on its way

Well, I might just stand corrected then. My clones do seem to look very similar to that EthnoGuy. I don't remember the mother exactly, but some of the things I remember that made me think cuzco your plant shows as well. White/bleached spines at the base Dominant Central spine Spine is fatter at the base Spines get fairly long The hair at areoles looks strange to me I'll try to get a pic of the mother next time I see him, It's a large plant. I will definitely admit to him if I'm wrong

TPM x N1 "Wtf" I'm glad I pulled this pot out today for the pic. I hadn't realize she looked dehydrated. I think the stock must be giving out, I'll have to figure something out this weekend. Mother Pup#1 TPQC X TPM Not Sure - After I took this pic I added some dirt around the roots

Got these guys out tonight. They have been hibernating all winter. Tomorrow will be the first time they've seen the sun in 6 months. Fishhookahhead Bridgesii Pc Pach Cuzco? --please confirm this for me, you guys are better at this than me. I have a local friend who has like a 5ft mother of this. He bought it as "KK242" like 5-8 years ago probably. It was the only cactus he's owned. As soon as I saw it, I thought it was cuzco. Not to mention I know the whole KK242 drama. He refuses to believe me no matter how many pictures/threads I show him about it. I won't tell him if it is cuzco, it's better than breaking his heart. Of course I also think he's totally full of crap because he tries to convince me that that a 4-6 cutting...causes you to stare at it for 7-8 hours because it's so beauttiful . Which, seems a rather small cutting even for the most beautiful Trichs

double post

So I lost my first plant to the orange baddy, it was a grafted astro mix mutant. RIP little buddy So it got me to thinking... I have plenty of Sodium metabisulphite lying around. I use it to make wine, its sterilizes everything and stops yeast from growing. However the way it works by producing SO2 gas, which is off gassed later. I think this might be useful for cacti too? So I looked up a couple of journal articles real quick. Check it out http://tarimbilimleri.agri.ankara.edu.tr/2013/19_3/3.makale.pdf https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_metabisulfite Hmmm I just saw this.. In the above study they were testing in petri http://www.epa.gov/oppsrrd1/REDs/inorganicsulfites.pdf Guess I shoulda done a bit more digging before posting Well, I think I'm just going to buy a bunch of PC Pach, spray it with this stuff, wait till they go "variegated" and put them on thebay $$$$$$ Metacacti.pdf

Rise from the dead, my long and forgotten thread.... I'm working on getting the pictures uploaded here finally!

The dirty dozen + 2 more buds in que

I read that the flowers are supposed to smell citrusy if you get your nose right up to them. I am a bit embarrassed to admit, but I was too intimidated by its neighbors to even make an attempt

I had taken some pictures of this container for my waterlogged pereskiopsis thread, of course I couldn't resist taking a couple extra pictures for this thread too. TPM x N1 var. "WTF" Pup#2 Pup#3 4-4-14 (I posted this one in the show your freaks thread, but a repost here seems appropriate) Today! Psycho0 x TPM #2 (different from the previous post)

Need a little air traffic control? Warning Restricted Airspace

Here is another one that has been chugging along for a bit (the one to the right is from the previous post). Of course for me, the biggest advantage of this method is everything is recycled/free. As you can see, you can pretty much make one of these out of whatever junk you can find. 1-6-14 Today! Alright, I'm sure everyone already knows perskiopsis can handle a lot water, but the bottom of this one is looking a bit more like soup than soil Admittedly, this is an extreme case; I try to keep the soil damp, not exceesively saturated as this shows. I would definitely let this dry out a bit (2-4 days) before watering again. I have tried checking these with a generic moisture meter, but it doesn't seem to be very accurate. Additional pictures of the grafts can be found in #396 of nitrogen's Connoisseur hybrids tread. However, I wasn't aware dragon fruit are excellent swimmers too! (I removed them before taking the pictures above...didn't want to ruin the surprise.) Clearly my indoor lighting isn't strong enough to keep them from stretching, and I have had a few get a little out of control. I honestly didn't want anymore of these, however I have a tough time killing/tossing a healthy plant... So I simply shoved them in here because they didn't take up any space that way. Out of sight, out of mind. What the hell? These things were literally sitting in water a pool of water only a few minutes before the pictures. They have been in these conditions for at least 2 months now, but still no signs of rot. Don't take my word for it though, try it for yourself!